Scales of Measurement in a nutshell refers to various measures of the variables researchers use in their research, variables in the research are fall in one of 4 scales of measurement that will be discussed in this article. In comparative scaling, respondents are asked to make a comparison between one object and the other. The nominal or classificatory scale is the most simple scale that is used in statistics and research. Other students also liked. But the other way is not true i.e., a valid instrument is always reliable. Each scale of measurement represents a particular property or set of properties of the abstract number system. Identity refers to the assignment of numbers to the values of each variable in a data set. + [Types & Examples], What is Numerical Data? If the quality of reliability is satisfied by an instrument, then while using it we can be confident … The researchers are left to deal with a group of data that is not uniform and may be difficult to analyze. Identification refers to assignment of a number to respondents response, and these number are just for the sake of identification and the numbers itself cannot be used in mathematical operations thus numbers assigned are just to convery a particular meaning. Of course there is no infinite accuracy and high accuracy usually has a corresponding high cost. Description, Order, Distance, and origin. These characteristics collectively define the Levels of Measurement of scale. Measurement scales refer to the types of information provided by numbers. They are an important aspect of research and statistics because the level of data measurement is what determines the data analysis technique to be used. The ratio scale of data measurement is compatible with all statistical analysis methods like the measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode, etc.) It means the distance or difference between any adjacent class on the scale can be known numerically. thus without understanding the concept of Scales of Measurement one could not have solid grasp of data analysis techniques. Interval Scales 4. These characteristics collectively define the levels of measurement. The most widely used classification of measurement scales are: nominal scale. Description, Order, Distance, and origin. These are nominal or categorical, ordinal, interval and ratio statistical scales. Here the distance refers to the Marks obtained by the position holders. Ignorance of scales’ distinguishing characteristics can lead to improper treatment … In other words, scales take advantage of differences in intensity among the indicators of a variable. It measures the degree of occurrence of the variable. a nominal scale example. Measurement is the process of recording observations collected as part of a research. Variables with Equal Intervals, Magnitude and Identification Properties are measured on Interval Scale. One of the primary attributes of variables is that these lend themselves to statistical scales of measurement. For example, researchers … Functions. If a scale has origin, it also has distance, order, and description. In rank order scaling technique, respondents are simultaneously provided with multiple options and asked to rank them in order of priority based on a predefined criterion. The variables are only compared on the basis of some unique characteristic descriptively. After reading this article you will learn about:- 1. There are 4 scales of measurement, namely Nominal, Ordinal, Interval and Ratio, all variables fall in one of these scales.Understanding the mathematical properties and assigning proper scale to the variables is important because they determine which mathematical operations are allowed. and statistics. Ordinal. In Most business researches Likert Scale variables are taken as having equal interval. These measurement scales are four in number, namely; nominal scale, ordinal scale, interval scale, and ratio scale. The position in a race, for example, is arranged from the 1st, 2nd, 3rd to the least. In a race, the 1st position may complete the race in 20 secs, 2nd position in 20.8 seconds while the 3rd in 30 seconds. Constant Sum scale is a type of measurement scale where the respondents are asked to allocate a constant sum of units such as points, dollars, chips or chits among the stimulus objects according to some specified criterion. The ratio scale of measurement is similar to the interval scale in that it also represents quantity and has equality of units with one major difference: zero is meaningful (no numbers exist below the zero). It allows researchers to compare the differences or intervals. Description: The description means the unique labels and descriptors, that are used to designate the values of the scale. Let’s start with the easiest one to understand. These measurement scales are four in number, namely; The measurement scales are used to measure, . It measures variables that exist along a common scale at equal intervals. Meaning of Measurement: Measurement means quantitative description of data. . This evaluation is totally independent of the other objects under investigation. Note: that the ratio data example has a zero value, which differentiates it from the interval scale. If it is an extension of the ordinal scale, with the main difference being the existence of equal intervals. They are just used as an identity for easy data analysis. But to qualify as research, the process must have certain characteristics: it must, as far as possible, be controlled, rigorous, systematic, valid and verifiable, empirical and critical. Respondents are usually asked to select an attribute that best describes their feelings regarding a predefined criterion. If you have any queries please use the feedback link on top of the page and we would make sure we answer your queries. This rating can be visualized in both horizontal and vertical form. A good way to remember all of this is that “nominal” sounds a lot like “name” and nominal scales are kind of like “na… Equal Intervals means that the scale has a standardized order. Each position does not have an equal interval difference. By knowing the different levels of data measurement, researchers are able to choose the best method for statistical analysis. It has the characteristics of both nominal and ordinal level of scales. The only statistical analysis that can be performed on a nominal scale is the percentage or frequency count. The equal distances between attributes on an interval scale differ from an ordinal scale. These … Or if you ask your participants to indicate which of several ethnicities they identify themselves with, you are again engaged in nominal-level measurement. Ratio Scale is the peak level of data measurement. This classification of levels of measurement was first proposed by S. S. Stevens (1951). Imagine that you are standing in a forest surrounded by trees. Ordered category with unequal and unknown interval size: Economic status. Sometimes called monadic or metric scale, Non-Comparative scale can be further divided into continuous and the itemized rating scales. They hold prime importance in the Data Analysis, as the type of measure determine the kind of test to be used for data analysis. Many scales used in market research do not possess a true zero. A number of scaling techniques are available for the measurement of the same measurement scale. This scale does not provide numerical values to the variables. Some of these uses include calculating a student's CGPA, measuring a patient's temperature, etc. In mathematical and statistical analysis, data is defined as a collected group of information. This is the highest level of measurement and has the properties of other three levels. This article reviews the main psychometric characteristics of scales and assesses thei … Introduction to health measurement scales for instance Postion in Class, Level of Education or Rank in Organisation. The true zero allows us to know how many times greater one case is than another. This example is measured on an ordinal scale because it has both identity and magnitude. These characteristics collectively define the levels of measurement. 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