��TޡB�&r�Qb���{�1:�Y�A��0.\ �06��ZտB- ��⤩l�*C�a�+BFo(�!w�ݜ��G��������wS��)�E܉tJE�@F\hB�H��x�vI�%��09|a͔.�@~�5₵n`��2_$�hZ��".&�d�i?��$���bu�i��y��;�!NB����c������m޻�6� " [U��(�� h�bbd```b``n ��7A$�X�D��L��dVy�f�\�`�.����d��I ��;@$�%�` V_ �1D�/��j R-!�}�q��$Y���`�׀ȭ�@�S�_�`]��$���W �� Future humans are now the main drive. This is known as the “Greenhouse Effect”. Enormous progress has been made in increasing our understanding of climate change and its causes, and a clearer picture of current and future impacts is emerging. Determinants of Climate Change Awareness among Rural Farming Households in South Africa, The Effects of Climate Change on Human Behaviors, Evaluation of the Impacts of Climate Change on Sediment Yield from the Logiya Watershed, Lower Awash Basin, Ethiopia, Impacts of future climate change on water ecosystem services in the watershed of river Homem (Northwest Portugal), Implication of climate change on livelihood and adaptation of small and emerging maize farmers in the North West Province of South Africa, Mapping of agro-ecological zones of North-West India in context to climate change using Geographical Information System, Climate Variability and Its implication on Wheat Productivity; Farmers' Adaptation strategies: in Robe Town and Surrounding Area, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, FACTORS INFLUENCING CLIMATE CHANGE AWARENESS : THE CASE STUDY OF SMALL-SCALE MAIZE FARMERS IN MPUMALANGA PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA, Climate forcing by stratospheric aerosols, The Scientific Basis. Place-based Climate Change Adaptation Guidance Notes Overview Victoria’s climate has changed, and this is expected to continue in coming decades1 with increasing average temperatures, decreases in average rainfall, and higher frequencies and intensities of extreme weather events. a. For some topics, multimedia has also been provided to summarise issues, provide case studies, or cover topics which are more challenging to ... en.pdf IPCC. 180 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2A4DF221DF34FA49B2407DB1CD463A3F><9A770F43C6D413478342E8BB202D6A75>]/Index[145 82]/Info 144 0 R/Length 148/Prev 358711/Root 146 0 R/Size 227/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Climate Adaptation Notes works through a three-stage process, implemented through an independently managed and regulated Debt Capital Markets platform. The strongest force driving climate change right now is the increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the burning of fossil fuels, which is trapping more … Climate Change: Global Indicators, Socio-economic Implications and Mitigation. ­ Changes in the Earths orbit, the energy received from the Sun and the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere can all cause climate change. You are currently offline. As we explore how human activities impact the climate system --and how that in turn will impact human societies-- it is important for us to have a firm understanding of the basic processes and dynamics of the weather and climate continuum. Video Lecture Notes o The climate has changed many times in the long history of earth, but always in response to a global force. These cultural values, according to this view, are then conducive to economic development. �!_�`��G�Y�-#�'�".\�b�H�Z��7�q_�{L}K�AB0]{�5Q� F�]�p���z�`�� Downscaled climate projections 2 demonstrate that the climate A Note on Climate Change The topic of climate change is complex and often confusing even to experts. What causes climate change? SAEO report. NJ��?��w���p��z�p����1����1�� ��9���/x9Jz�K>� ?A�y��)���ͤ���k�oރڞ��q� ���-�"�l�[�O�1,�͟�tP!�R2(�v]_����������?Z�zW����b��a�~��#��j��UM|��ӓ �QP6�b�%��ĉ�|J�=p�������N��C�qJa2�����D���)B�䖐)"R2� ��N�K;�bd�:dr���9Uˢ��N�j�.�7�?�]'ݦvG�C�`"�MJw_y���o'�AZ��E�o����!�a|#8ݢk|j,s��7���Y6Vٛ�bK�-�&��'E dܿ�g>J0� ���ou�(�_�2��!�B�~���1��)�H]��q unfccc climate change: impacts, vulnerabilities and adaptation in developing countries i. introduction 5 ii. The climate change resulting from human-caused emissions of carbon dioxide will persist for decades to millennia. Causes and effects of climate change 1. Introduction to climate change : lecture notes for meteorologists @inproceedings{Houghton2002IntroductionTC, title={Introduction to climate change : lecture notes for meteorologists}, author={D. Houghton}, year={2002} } 1. (2014) Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. In reading this chapter, it needs to be borne in mind . While there may be uncertainty surrounding the scale, scope and pace of climate change, one thing is clear – cities and towns everywhere will be exposed to significant climate change-driven impacts. !۪�o��t�y����8zz:̋$9�/��=:�� ߉)$ UK government action 9. Hundreds of plant and animal species have already experienced changes because of climate change. %%EOF ��O���n\8��w�~+��Ȯޱ�b�D����k�:O�E���ٕ!���ޠ�¥ZB�^E���|��J���X�"6B(=WH�� Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. Causes of climate change 3. published, the evidence for climate change and its disruption of societal activi-ties has become stronger. Between 1880 and 2015, average global surface temperatures rose … �F�1₺���,/�����u��4M׆P,�Xi���I�c�6�W���G�=�b�}u;�~��{� �i گ�]�9��v�d�G-�m(�RNN��4c��@����������ŚP��~��SVK��F o2d_� �,����T��� I�_�/��������(�;�|��Y�TM��? Climate change, on the other hand, occurs because the amount of energy in the entire climate system is changed which affects each and every component in the system. climate change and adaptation 8 2.1 the need for adaptation 8 2.2 adaptation and the unfccc 10 iii. Climate change now 2. The American pika, for example, is a small mammal that lives in cool mountainous areas in western North America—in fact, it can die when exposed to temperatures warmer than 78˚F.So as the mountain climate heats up, the pika climbs the slopes in search of cooler habitat. that climate change is a cross-cutting issue, and thus considerations of climate change are presented in a number Climate has always changed, but . Furthermore, there is a need to develop achievable goals for EBA and protected area expansion. climate change, and the economic costs, technological advances and societal adaptations that are necessary for mitigation. Corpus ID: 126744528. CO. 2. levels, primarily a result of fossil fuel emissions, have become the . This includes measurable criteria for assessing the success of restoration and protected area expansion in increasing the resilience of biodiversity, A related claim: there is an interaction between climate and culture. Climate Change in a Nutshell: The Gathering Storm Outline of Opinions 1. Self-reinforcing cycles within the climate system have the potential to accelerate human-induced change and even shift Earth’s climate system into new states that are very different from those experienced in the recent past. Some features of the site may not work correctly. In Stage 1, the manager of the Platform works predominantly with local commercial banks to identify and screen suitable projects. Agreement among experts 6. 3.1 Introduction: climate change, fossil fuel resources, technology and economic development 66 3.2 The economics of climate change through the dominant neoclassical lens 71 3.3 Cost-benefit analysis and climate change 74 3.4 The Stern Review: the economics of climate change 76 3.5 Alternative economic models and the radical critique 91 Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Accounting for sampling density in grid-box surface temperature time series, Uncertainties in climate data sets - a challenge for WMO, Forecasts of tropical Pacific SST using a comprehensive coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamical model, Experimental Long-Lead Forecast, Influence of CO2 emission rates on the stability of the thermohaline circulation, On the improvement of sea ice models for climate simulations: the Sea Ice Model Intercomparison Project, A search for human influences on the thermal structure of the atmosphere, View 3 excerpts, cites methods and background, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. ��+��kW��S�MnpWOT���lT%�9z�~Eps��.�Yb�eF� ��^-�މ�Y0-}�z������.\���z�(N>|��}~�.��Y�g_H�'�kkuot�I�/f� �˴��$���9�k�kT�3�x��b�u,ۂ ~ �7����:|7��%�K�[��mRf?I�O�i^q�i7���� ���� ��`���G�u�)����S%[{ .K t���E��m��c�=�:7P����T5�昚C�� H�\��n�0��. Climate change has become one of the most significant challenges of the twenty-first century. h�b``�b``�g`e`����ˀ �@16� �j��y4�E�\�u��)����� nP�����%q�V b%��@&�ی]L|l��l�9�������c�a���ϑ��(��C���/��*�]\�ŸEYR�٣7oK�����s?K�; ��3p�ƀ ΃=Òz��K.#��Z� ��� � ��&� 145 0 obj <> endobj endstream endobj 146 0 obj <>/Metadata 17 0 R/OpenAction 147 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/PageMode/UseThumbs/Pages 143 0 R/StructTreeRoot 38 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 147 0 obj <> endobj 148 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/Properties<>>>/Shading<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Thumb 15 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 149 0 obj <>stream 0 Climate change is a term that refers to major changes in temperature, rainfall, snow, or wind patterns lasting for decades or longer. References Climate change now There is clear evidence to show that climate change is happening. At … The climate change agenda has risen substantially in global and national importance and the topic has thus been given a dedicated chapter in this 2. nd. endstream endobj 150 0 obj <>stream endstream endobj startxref include burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and developing land for farms, cities, and roads. CONTENT Definition of Climate Change Causes of Climate Change-Natural Causes & Human Causes Effects of Climate Change 3. climate change conditions. The role of the IPCC 7. The notes under each resource indicate its scope and relevance. Tackling climate change 8. Climate change, whether driven by natural or human forcing, can lead to changes in the likelihood of the occurrence or strength of extreme weather and climate events or both. climate change and it drives other changes in the climate, such as changes in rainfall patterns and the frequency and distribution of weather events such as droughts, storms, floods and heat waves. This adds enormous amounts of greenhouse gases to those naturally occurring in the atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect and global warming. Planning for Climate Change: A strategic values-based Governor’s Task Force on Climate Change Notes from Public Listening Session 2 June 27, 2020 Explanation of Notes Task Force listening sessions began with introductory remarks and presentations from various invited experts, followed by breakout sessions moderated by staff. ]��&���� \����ғ��>`'�#��ru���3 WPa�P;�~�Z�$���Ǿ�O�a��A���g��WeENha���5��I�/;�#p� ��y��_��ԕWYk�%e��df�6�M��RxGXc�8]���mE����&���E������! 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Climate Change and Agriculture imPACtS, ADAPtAtiOn AnD mitigAtiOn by Anita Wreford, Dominic moran and neil Adger Climate change is likely to have significant impacts on the agricultural sector to which farmers will have to adapt. }H ���a ��}yX�1�@L��:#�8��F5��0�hDj��y ��9I�A0���V�I��P[S��Hj*œG��7�_���-\�O�� �&�I��孼�f����]:N�^Zv$�� International agreements, supported by hard science, are proving effective in combating wide-ranging environmental threats such as ozone depletion and Climate change, the periodic modification of Earth’s climate caused by atmospheric changes and the atmosphere’s interactions with geologic, chemical, biological, and geographic factors. Both human-made and natural factors contribute to climate change: • Human causes. Climate change is the catch-all term for the shift in worldwide weather phenomena associated with an increase in global average temperatures. Causes and Consequences of Climate Change Humans are increasingly influencing the climate and the earth's temperature by burning fossil fuels, cutting down rainforests and farming livestock . Climate change explained Contents 1. Burning fossil fuels Over the past 150 years, industrialised countries have been burning large amounts of fossil fuels such as oil and gas.The gases released into the atmosphere during this process act like an invisible ‘blanket’, trapping heat from the sun and warming the Earth. Environment notes cover ecology, bio- diversity, climate change and many latest environmental issues of international and national importance. :ҋЄ]�!�ϒa6x~����ՠ���� j��l����ѓ��0���n>��C0"�9�:&�d���qZ���G��Պ!�E��^+��L�v���\T�u����QU�����t��8Nʔ��Ё�鹄����������pqz���t���7��4q�3�"�R�Q�hʿutGY��Q�Kѵ�c�캨c��z��]�:F���Y8�)t}��f ���w�P���Q��1�W.�>�~�C�2p)�>�}�m�ڃ�قh ��_��R�� cfk���#��U��U���5x�b� `~��W�� 226 0 obj <>stream h��ZkS�H�+�1���[ښ��@lB�b��Y�? for change. 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Delusion Pandemic Lyrics, Cool Desk Accessories Gaming, Greg Page Age, Hilton Brand Positioning, Strawberry Pacman Frog, " /> ��TޡB�&r�Qb���{�1:�Y�A��0.\ �06��ZտB- ��⤩l�*C�a�+BFo(�!w�ݜ��G��������wS��)�E܉tJE�@F\hB�H��x�vI�%��09|a͔.�@~�5₵n`��2_$�hZ��".&�d�i?��$���bu�i��y��;�!NB����c������m޻�6� " [U��(�� h�bbd```b``n ��7A$�X�D��L��dVy�f�\�`�.����d��I ��;@$�%�` V_ �1D�/��j R-!�}�q��$Y���`�׀ȭ�@�S�_�`]��$���W �� Future humans are now the main drive. This is known as the “Greenhouse Effect”. Enormous progress has been made in increasing our understanding of climate change and its causes, and a clearer picture of current and future impacts is emerging. Determinants of Climate Change Awareness among Rural Farming Households in South Africa, The Effects of Climate Change on Human Behaviors, Evaluation of the Impacts of Climate Change on Sediment Yield from the Logiya Watershed, Lower Awash Basin, Ethiopia, Impacts of future climate change on water ecosystem services in the watershed of river Homem (Northwest Portugal), Implication of climate change on livelihood and adaptation of small and emerging maize farmers in the North West Province of South Africa, Mapping of agro-ecological zones of North-West India in context to climate change using Geographical Information System, Climate Variability and Its implication on Wheat Productivity; Farmers' Adaptation strategies: in Robe Town and Surrounding Area, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, FACTORS INFLUENCING CLIMATE CHANGE AWARENESS : THE CASE STUDY OF SMALL-SCALE MAIZE FARMERS IN MPUMALANGA PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA, Climate forcing by stratospheric aerosols, The Scientific Basis. Place-based Climate Change Adaptation Guidance Notes Overview Victoria’s climate has changed, and this is expected to continue in coming decades1 with increasing average temperatures, decreases in average rainfall, and higher frequencies and intensities of extreme weather events. a. For some topics, multimedia has also been provided to summarise issues, provide case studies, or cover topics which are more challenging to ... en.pdf IPCC. 180 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2A4DF221DF34FA49B2407DB1CD463A3F><9A770F43C6D413478342E8BB202D6A75>]/Index[145 82]/Info 144 0 R/Length 148/Prev 358711/Root 146 0 R/Size 227/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Climate Adaptation Notes works through a three-stage process, implemented through an independently managed and regulated Debt Capital Markets platform. The strongest force driving climate change right now is the increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the burning of fossil fuels, which is trapping more … Climate Change: Global Indicators, Socio-economic Implications and Mitigation. ­ Changes in the Earths orbit, the energy received from the Sun and the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere can all cause climate change. You are currently offline. As we explore how human activities impact the climate system --and how that in turn will impact human societies-- it is important for us to have a firm understanding of the basic processes and dynamics of the weather and climate continuum. Video Lecture Notes o The climate has changed many times in the long history of earth, but always in response to a global force. These cultural values, according to this view, are then conducive to economic development. �!_�`��G�Y�-#�'�".\�b�H�Z��7�q_�{L}K�AB0]{�5Q� F�]�p���z�`�� Downscaled climate projections 2 demonstrate that the climate A Note on Climate Change The topic of climate change is complex and often confusing even to experts. What causes climate change? SAEO report. NJ��?��w���p��z�p����1����1�� ��9���/x9Jz�K>� ?A�y��)���ͤ���k�oރڞ��q� ���-�"�l�[�O�1,�͟�tP!�R2(�v]_����������?Z�zW����b��a�~��#��j��UM|��ӓ �QP6�b�%��ĉ�|J�=p�������N��C�qJa2�����D���)B�䖐)"R2� ��N�K;�bd�:dr���9Uˢ��N�j�.�7�?�]'ݦvG�C�`"�MJw_y���o'�AZ��E�o����!�a|#8ݢk|j,s��7���Y6Vٛ�bK�-�&��'E dܿ�g>J0� ���ou�(�_�2��!�B�~���1��)�H]��q unfccc climate change: impacts, vulnerabilities and adaptation in developing countries i. introduction 5 ii. The climate change resulting from human-caused emissions of carbon dioxide will persist for decades to millennia. Causes and effects of climate change 1. Introduction to climate change : lecture notes for meteorologists @inproceedings{Houghton2002IntroductionTC, title={Introduction to climate change : lecture notes for meteorologists}, author={D. Houghton}, year={2002} } 1. (2014) Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. In reading this chapter, it needs to be borne in mind . While there may be uncertainty surrounding the scale, scope and pace of climate change, one thing is clear – cities and towns everywhere will be exposed to significant climate change-driven impacts. !۪�o��t�y����8zz:̋$9�/��=:�� ߉)$ UK government action 9. Hundreds of plant and animal species have already experienced changes because of climate change. %%EOF ��O���n\8��w�~+��Ȯޱ�b�D����k�:O�E���ٕ!���ޠ�¥ZB�^E���|��J���X�"6B(=WH�� Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. Causes of climate change 3. published, the evidence for climate change and its disruption of societal activi-ties has become stronger. Between 1880 and 2015, average global surface temperatures rose … �F�1₺���,/�����u��4M׆P,�Xi���I�c�6�W���G�=�b�}u;�~��{� �i گ�]�9��v�d�G-�m(�RNN��4c��@����������ŚP��~��SVK��F o2d_� �,����T��� I�_�/��������(�;�|��Y�TM��? Climate change, on the other hand, occurs because the amount of energy in the entire climate system is changed which affects each and every component in the system. climate change and adaptation 8 2.1 the need for adaptation 8 2.2 adaptation and the unfccc 10 iii. Climate change now 2. The American pika, for example, is a small mammal that lives in cool mountainous areas in western North America—in fact, it can die when exposed to temperatures warmer than 78˚F.So as the mountain climate heats up, the pika climbs the slopes in search of cooler habitat. that climate change is a cross-cutting issue, and thus considerations of climate change are presented in a number Climate has always changed, but . Furthermore, there is a need to develop achievable goals for EBA and protected area expansion. climate change, and the economic costs, technological advances and societal adaptations that are necessary for mitigation. Corpus ID: 126744528. CO. 2. levels, primarily a result of fossil fuel emissions, have become the . This includes measurable criteria for assessing the success of restoration and protected area expansion in increasing the resilience of biodiversity, A related claim: there is an interaction between climate and culture. Climate Change in a Nutshell: The Gathering Storm Outline of Opinions 1. Self-reinforcing cycles within the climate system have the potential to accelerate human-induced change and even shift Earth’s climate system into new states that are very different from those experienced in the recent past. Some features of the site may not work correctly. In Stage 1, the manager of the Platform works predominantly with local commercial banks to identify and screen suitable projects. Agreement among experts 6. 3.1 Introduction: climate change, fossil fuel resources, technology and economic development 66 3.2 The economics of climate change through the dominant neoclassical lens 71 3.3 Cost-benefit analysis and climate change 74 3.4 The Stern Review: the economics of climate change 76 3.5 Alternative economic models and the radical critique 91 Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Accounting for sampling density in grid-box surface temperature time series, Uncertainties in climate data sets - a challenge for WMO, Forecasts of tropical Pacific SST using a comprehensive coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamical model, Experimental Long-Lead Forecast, Influence of CO2 emission rates on the stability of the thermohaline circulation, On the improvement of sea ice models for climate simulations: the Sea Ice Model Intercomparison Project, A search for human influences on the thermal structure of the atmosphere, View 3 excerpts, cites methods and background, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. ��+��kW��S�MnpWOT���lT%�9z�~Eps��.�Yb�eF� ��^-�މ�Y0-}�z������.\���z�(N>|��}~�.��Y�g_H�'�kkuot�I�/f� �˴��$���9�k�kT�3�x��b�u,ۂ ~ �7����:|7��%�K�[��mRf?I�O�i^q�i7���� ���� ��`���G�u�)����S%[{ .K t���E��m��c�=�:7P����T5�昚C�� H�\��n�0��. Climate change has become one of the most significant challenges of the twenty-first century. h�b``�b``�g`e`����ˀ �@16� �j��y4�E�\�u��)����� nP�����%q�V b%��@&�ی]L|l��l�9�������c�a���ϑ��(��C���/��*�]\�ŸEYR�٣7oK�����s?K�; ��3p�ƀ ΃=Òz��K.#��Z� ��� � ��&� 145 0 obj <> endobj endstream endobj 146 0 obj <>/Metadata 17 0 R/OpenAction 147 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/PageMode/UseThumbs/Pages 143 0 R/StructTreeRoot 38 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 147 0 obj <> endobj 148 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/Properties<>>>/Shading<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Thumb 15 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 149 0 obj <>stream 0 Climate change is a term that refers to major changes in temperature, rainfall, snow, or wind patterns lasting for decades or longer. References Climate change now There is clear evidence to show that climate change is happening. At … The climate change agenda has risen substantially in global and national importance and the topic has thus been given a dedicated chapter in this 2. nd. endstream endobj 150 0 obj <>stream endstream endobj startxref include burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and developing land for farms, cities, and roads. CONTENT Definition of Climate Change Causes of Climate Change-Natural Causes & Human Causes Effects of Climate Change 3. climate change conditions. The role of the IPCC 7. The notes under each resource indicate its scope and relevance. Tackling climate change 8. Climate change, whether driven by natural or human forcing, can lead to changes in the likelihood of the occurrence or strength of extreme weather and climate events or both. climate change and it drives other changes in the climate, such as changes in rainfall patterns and the frequency and distribution of weather events such as droughts, storms, floods and heat waves. This adds enormous amounts of greenhouse gases to those naturally occurring in the atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect and global warming. Planning for Climate Change: A strategic values-based Governor’s Task Force on Climate Change Notes from Public Listening Session 2 June 27, 2020 Explanation of Notes Task Force listening sessions began with introductory remarks and presentations from various invited experts, followed by breakout sessions moderated by staff. ]��&���� \����ғ��>`'�#��ru���3 WPa�P;�~�Z�$���Ǿ�O�a��A���g��WeENha���5��I�/;�#p� ��y��_��ԕWYk�%e��df�6�M��RxGXc�8]���mE����&���E������! Climate change refers to changes in these statistics over years, decades, or even centuries. %PDF-1.6 %���� Research [�[�Xr���ܖl�6��T�%l��o��>�܇,#���b1�k&}��ŧeZҽc�K|z�4�G,r���GLƐ ��t-�bR+j�Hg +6�b�/ƍ�|2v4#=�L���GLq�/R�1.��]2��Ŵ�p%4�NQ�tu��� ݅cV��NVjz1k ��uX��t�`%%sJA�T��͜% ����e�:*hൄ��3�4=����(l��i��,F(%Y,!���RQ�f�"5pka�6�Fk֡#���/���q�����(��Ÿ���7&�����@?�����_�����8��0�{�0�jGǪ�t]ޞ�V$�S�?�R[y^TGG4�E��%�3]���x��I��C���4-W_.����Ɠ��/��]���G��]%U�{IW��q���/�:�W�Y~�梟�UV=�Ŏ�ge5~~����[,~4�C4��Fe�n"o���i;� �p�$����CŜ��4�;(g�� �/��gE^? Climate Change and Agriculture imPACtS, ADAPtAtiOn AnD mitigAtiOn by Anita Wreford, Dominic moran and neil Adger Climate change is likely to have significant impacts on the agricultural sector to which farmers will have to adapt. }H ���a ��}yX�1�@L��:#�8��F5��0�hDj��y ��9I�A0���V�I��P[S��Hj*œG��7�_���-\�O�� �&�I��孼�f����]:N�^Zv$�� International agreements, supported by hard science, are proving effective in combating wide-ranging environmental threats such as ozone depletion and Climate change, the periodic modification of Earth’s climate caused by atmospheric changes and the atmosphere’s interactions with geologic, chemical, biological, and geographic factors. Both human-made and natural factors contribute to climate change: • Human causes. Climate change is the catch-all term for the shift in worldwide weather phenomena associated with an increase in global average temperatures. Causes and Consequences of Climate Change Humans are increasingly influencing the climate and the earth's temperature by burning fossil fuels, cutting down rainforests and farming livestock . Climate change explained Contents 1. Burning fossil fuels Over the past 150 years, industrialised countries have been burning large amounts of fossil fuels such as oil and gas.The gases released into the atmosphere during this process act like an invisible ‘blanket’, trapping heat from the sun and warming the Earth. Environment notes cover ecology, bio- diversity, climate change and many latest environmental issues of international and national importance. :ҋЄ]�!�ϒa6x~����ՠ���� j��l����ѓ��0���n>��C0"�9�:&�d���qZ���G��Պ!�E��^+��L�v���\T�u����QU�����t��8Nʔ��Ё�鹄����������pqz���t���7��4q�3�"�R�Q�hʿutGY��Q�Kѵ�c�캨c��z��]�:F���Y8�)t}��f ���w�P���Q��1�W.�>�~�C�2p)�>�}�m�ڃ�قh ��_��R�� cfk���#��U��U���5x�b� `~��W�� 226 0 obj <>stream h��ZkS�H�+�1���[ښ��@lB�b��Y�? for change. 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Delusion Pandemic Lyrics, Cool Desk Accessories Gaming, Greg Page Age, Hilton Brand Positioning, Strawberry Pacman Frog, " /> ��TޡB�&r�Qb���{�1:�Y�A��0.\ �06��ZտB- ��⤩l�*C�a�+BFo(�!w�ݜ��G��������wS��)�E܉tJE�@F\hB�H��x�vI�%��09|a͔.�@~�5₵n`��2_$�hZ��".&�d�i?��$���bu�i��y��;�!NB����c������m޻�6� " [U��(�� h�bbd```b``n ��7A$�X�D��L��dVy�f�\�`�.����d��I ��;@$�%�` V_ �1D�/��j R-!�}�q��$Y���`�׀ȭ�@�S�_�`]��$���W �� Future humans are now the main drive. This is known as the “Greenhouse Effect”. Enormous progress has been made in increasing our understanding of climate change and its causes, and a clearer picture of current and future impacts is emerging. Determinants of Climate Change Awareness among Rural Farming Households in South Africa, The Effects of Climate Change on Human Behaviors, Evaluation of the Impacts of Climate Change on Sediment Yield from the Logiya Watershed, Lower Awash Basin, Ethiopia, Impacts of future climate change on water ecosystem services in the watershed of river Homem (Northwest Portugal), Implication of climate change on livelihood and adaptation of small and emerging maize farmers in the North West Province of South Africa, Mapping of agro-ecological zones of North-West India in context to climate change using Geographical Information System, Climate Variability and Its implication on Wheat Productivity; Farmers' Adaptation strategies: in Robe Town and Surrounding Area, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, FACTORS INFLUENCING CLIMATE CHANGE AWARENESS : THE CASE STUDY OF SMALL-SCALE MAIZE FARMERS IN MPUMALANGA PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA, Climate forcing by stratospheric aerosols, The Scientific Basis. Place-based Climate Change Adaptation Guidance Notes Overview Victoria’s climate has changed, and this is expected to continue in coming decades1 with increasing average temperatures, decreases in average rainfall, and higher frequencies and intensities of extreme weather events. a. For some topics, multimedia has also been provided to summarise issues, provide case studies, or cover topics which are more challenging to ... en.pdf IPCC. 180 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2A4DF221DF34FA49B2407DB1CD463A3F><9A770F43C6D413478342E8BB202D6A75>]/Index[145 82]/Info 144 0 R/Length 148/Prev 358711/Root 146 0 R/Size 227/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Climate Adaptation Notes works through a three-stage process, implemented through an independently managed and regulated Debt Capital Markets platform. The strongest force driving climate change right now is the increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the burning of fossil fuels, which is trapping more … Climate Change: Global Indicators, Socio-economic Implications and Mitigation. ­ Changes in the Earths orbit, the energy received from the Sun and the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere can all cause climate change. You are currently offline. As we explore how human activities impact the climate system --and how that in turn will impact human societies-- it is important for us to have a firm understanding of the basic processes and dynamics of the weather and climate continuum. Video Lecture Notes o The climate has changed many times in the long history of earth, but always in response to a global force. These cultural values, according to this view, are then conducive to economic development. �!_�`��G�Y�-#�'�".\�b�H�Z��7�q_�{L}K�AB0]{�5Q� F�]�p���z�`�� Downscaled climate projections 2 demonstrate that the climate A Note on Climate Change The topic of climate change is complex and often confusing even to experts. What causes climate change? SAEO report. NJ��?��w���p��z�p����1����1�� ��9���/x9Jz�K>� ?A�y��)���ͤ���k�oރڞ��q� ���-�"�l�[�O�1,�͟�tP!�R2(�v]_����������?Z�zW����b��a�~��#��j��UM|��ӓ �QP6�b�%��ĉ�|J�=p�������N��C�qJa2�����D���)B�䖐)"R2� ��N�K;�bd�:dr���9Uˢ��N�j�.�7�?�]'ݦvG�C�`"�MJw_y���o'�AZ��E�o����!�a|#8ݢk|j,s��7���Y6Vٛ�bK�-�&��'E dܿ�g>J0� ���ou�(�_�2��!�B�~���1��)�H]��q unfccc climate change: impacts, vulnerabilities and adaptation in developing countries i. introduction 5 ii. The climate change resulting from human-caused emissions of carbon dioxide will persist for decades to millennia. Causes and effects of climate change 1. Introduction to climate change : lecture notes for meteorologists @inproceedings{Houghton2002IntroductionTC, title={Introduction to climate change : lecture notes for meteorologists}, author={D. Houghton}, year={2002} } 1. (2014) Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. In reading this chapter, it needs to be borne in mind . While there may be uncertainty surrounding the scale, scope and pace of climate change, one thing is clear – cities and towns everywhere will be exposed to significant climate change-driven impacts. !۪�o��t�y����8zz:̋$9�/��=:�� ߉)$ UK government action 9. Hundreds of plant and animal species have already experienced changes because of climate change. %%EOF ��O���n\8��w�~+��Ȯޱ�b�D����k�:O�E���ٕ!���ޠ�¥ZB�^E���|��J���X�"6B(=WH�� Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. Causes of climate change 3. published, the evidence for climate change and its disruption of societal activi-ties has become stronger. Between 1880 and 2015, average global surface temperatures rose … �F�1₺���,/�����u��4M׆P,�Xi���I�c�6�W���G�=�b�}u;�~��{� �i گ�]�9��v�d�G-�m(�RNN��4c��@����������ŚP��~��SVK��F o2d_� �,����T��� I�_�/��������(�;�|��Y�TM��? Climate change, on the other hand, occurs because the amount of energy in the entire climate system is changed which affects each and every component in the system. climate change and adaptation 8 2.1 the need for adaptation 8 2.2 adaptation and the unfccc 10 iii. Climate change now 2. The American pika, for example, is a small mammal that lives in cool mountainous areas in western North America—in fact, it can die when exposed to temperatures warmer than 78˚F.So as the mountain climate heats up, the pika climbs the slopes in search of cooler habitat. that climate change is a cross-cutting issue, and thus considerations of climate change are presented in a number Climate has always changed, but . Furthermore, there is a need to develop achievable goals for EBA and protected area expansion. climate change, and the economic costs, technological advances and societal adaptations that are necessary for mitigation. Corpus ID: 126744528. CO. 2. levels, primarily a result of fossil fuel emissions, have become the . This includes measurable criteria for assessing the success of restoration and protected area expansion in increasing the resilience of biodiversity, A related claim: there is an interaction between climate and culture. Climate Change in a Nutshell: The Gathering Storm Outline of Opinions 1. Self-reinforcing cycles within the climate system have the potential to accelerate human-induced change and even shift Earth’s climate system into new states that are very different from those experienced in the recent past. Some features of the site may not work correctly. In Stage 1, the manager of the Platform works predominantly with local commercial banks to identify and screen suitable projects. Agreement among experts 6. 3.1 Introduction: climate change, fossil fuel resources, technology and economic development 66 3.2 The economics of climate change through the dominant neoclassical lens 71 3.3 Cost-benefit analysis and climate change 74 3.4 The Stern Review: the economics of climate change 76 3.5 Alternative economic models and the radical critique 91 Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Accounting for sampling density in grid-box surface temperature time series, Uncertainties in climate data sets - a challenge for WMO, Forecasts of tropical Pacific SST using a comprehensive coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamical model, Experimental Long-Lead Forecast, Influence of CO2 emission rates on the stability of the thermohaline circulation, On the improvement of sea ice models for climate simulations: the Sea Ice Model Intercomparison Project, A search for human influences on the thermal structure of the atmosphere, View 3 excerpts, cites methods and background, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. ��+��kW��S�MnpWOT���lT%�9z�~Eps��.�Yb�eF� ��^-�މ�Y0-}�z������.\���z�(N>|��}~�.��Y�g_H�'�kkuot�I�/f� �˴��$���9�k�kT�3�x��b�u,ۂ ~ �7����:|7��%�K�[��mRf?I�O�i^q�i7���� ���� ��`���G�u�)����S%[{ .K t���E��m��c�=�:7P����T5�昚C�� H�\��n�0��. Climate change has become one of the most significant challenges of the twenty-first century. h�b``�b``�g`e`����ˀ �@16� �j��y4�E�\�u��)����� nP�����%q�V b%��@&�ی]L|l��l�9�������c�a���ϑ��(��C���/��*�]\�ŸEYR�٣7oK�����s?K�; ��3p�ƀ ΃=Òz��K.#��Z� ��� � ��&� 145 0 obj <> endobj endstream endobj 146 0 obj <>/Metadata 17 0 R/OpenAction 147 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/PageMode/UseThumbs/Pages 143 0 R/StructTreeRoot 38 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 147 0 obj <> endobj 148 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/Properties<>>>/Shading<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Thumb 15 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 149 0 obj <>stream 0 Climate change is a term that refers to major changes in temperature, rainfall, snow, or wind patterns lasting for decades or longer. References Climate change now There is clear evidence to show that climate change is happening. At … The climate change agenda has risen substantially in global and national importance and the topic has thus been given a dedicated chapter in this 2. nd. endstream endobj 150 0 obj <>stream endstream endobj startxref include burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and developing land for farms, cities, and roads. CONTENT Definition of Climate Change Causes of Climate Change-Natural Causes & Human Causes Effects of Climate Change 3. climate change conditions. The role of the IPCC 7. The notes under each resource indicate its scope and relevance. Tackling climate change 8. Climate change, whether driven by natural or human forcing, can lead to changes in the likelihood of the occurrence or strength of extreme weather and climate events or both. climate change and it drives other changes in the climate, such as changes in rainfall patterns and the frequency and distribution of weather events such as droughts, storms, floods and heat waves. This adds enormous amounts of greenhouse gases to those naturally occurring in the atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect and global warming. Planning for Climate Change: A strategic values-based Governor’s Task Force on Climate Change Notes from Public Listening Session 2 June 27, 2020 Explanation of Notes Task Force listening sessions began with introductory remarks and presentations from various invited experts, followed by breakout sessions moderated by staff. ]��&���� \����ғ��>`'�#��ru���3 WPa�P;�~�Z�$���Ǿ�O�a��A���g��WeENha���5��I�/;�#p� ��y��_��ԕWYk�%e��df�6�M��RxGXc�8]���mE����&���E������! Climate change refers to changes in these statistics over years, decades, or even centuries. %PDF-1.6 %���� Research [�[�Xr���ܖl�6��T�%l��o��>�܇,#���b1�k&}��ŧeZҽc�K|z�4�G,r���GLƐ ��t-�bR+j�Hg +6�b�/ƍ�|2v4#=�L���GLq�/R�1.��]2��Ŵ�p%4�NQ�tu��� ݅cV��NVjz1k ��uX��t�`%%sJA�T��͜% ����e�:*hൄ��3�4=����(l��i��,F(%Y,!���RQ�f�"5pka�6�Fk֡#���/���q�����(��Ÿ���7&�����@?�����_�����8��0�{�0�jGǪ�t]ޞ�V$�S�?�R[y^TGG4�E��%�3]���x��I��C���4-W_.����Ɠ��/��]���G��]%U�{IW��q���/�:�W�Y~�梟�UV=�Ŏ�ge5~~����[,~4�C4��Fe�n"o���i;� �p�$����CŜ��4�;(g�� �/��gE^? Climate Change and Agriculture imPACtS, ADAPtAtiOn AnD mitigAtiOn by Anita Wreford, Dominic moran and neil Adger Climate change is likely to have significant impacts on the agricultural sector to which farmers will have to adapt. }H ���a ��}yX�1�@L��:#�8��F5��0�hDj��y ��9I�A0���V�I��P[S��Hj*œG��7�_���-\�O�� �&�I��孼�f����]:N�^Zv$�� International agreements, supported by hard science, are proving effective in combating wide-ranging environmental threats such as ozone depletion and Climate change, the periodic modification of Earth’s climate caused by atmospheric changes and the atmosphere’s interactions with geologic, chemical, biological, and geographic factors. Both human-made and natural factors contribute to climate change: • Human causes. Climate change is the catch-all term for the shift in worldwide weather phenomena associated with an increase in global average temperatures. Causes and Consequences of Climate Change Humans are increasingly influencing the climate and the earth's temperature by burning fossil fuels, cutting down rainforests and farming livestock . Climate change explained Contents 1. Burning fossil fuels Over the past 150 years, industrialised countries have been burning large amounts of fossil fuels such as oil and gas.The gases released into the atmosphere during this process act like an invisible ‘blanket’, trapping heat from the sun and warming the Earth. Environment notes cover ecology, bio- diversity, climate change and many latest environmental issues of international and national importance. :ҋЄ]�!�ϒa6x~����ՠ���� j��l����ѓ��0���n>��C0"�9�:&�d���qZ���G��Պ!�E��^+��L�v���\T�u����QU�����t��8Nʔ��Ё�鹄����������pqz���t���7��4q�3�"�R�Q�hʿutGY��Q�Kѵ�c�캨c��z��]�:F���Y8�)t}��f ���w�P���Q��1�W.�>�~�C�2p)�>�}�m�ڃ�قh ��_��R�� cfk���#��U��U���5x�b� `~��W�� 226 0 obj <>stream h��ZkS�H�+�1���[ښ��@lB�b��Y�? for change. 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climate change notes pdf

A temperate climate, where crops mature seasonally and one must provide shelter and heat for the winter, instills certain cultural values, such as saving andplanning ahead. No notes for slide. �`j�!��Cz�i�-���_���z�ZG��o�B�B�b�| F�΀�i�P �c��V���=&xH�l@*��Y@��u�.�m���Ƞϓ|���:��MU;���� �%m�@j����R�/J-�d�g�r���i�#��[m��Tj�X�X�9A���ՔcDal苘�����j��8䛩�b.��'����v Loosely defined, climate is the average weather at a distinct place that incorporates temperature, precipitation, and … Evidence and analysis 4. predominant cause. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projects that the average surface temperature of the Earth is likely to increase by 3.2 °F to 7.2 °F (1.8 °C to 4.0 °C) by the end of the 21st century, relative to 1980-1990 (IPCC, 2007c). ��0��QX�v ֿ��Kx���x��>x��C/�'(�ծ�#;�Ft�'�d�Fw���kc�ـm�����Ɓ���LL�fҌ��3�3�Їfq>gc@ߍ09|��2U$��h��yp1���X���]\1�X�oV��f�3pn�"5g�����[�S� �n�U/YA6�v����f�̢ \�_���S�˛���h;O��ӫ�.c�'�9~=7��+}���. The impacts of climate change 5. CLIMATE CHANGE AND TRANS-BORDER MIGRATION FROM LAKE CHAD TO NIGERIA: ARE THERE POLICY RESPONSES TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE LAKE? Since the AR4, the observational basis has increased substantially, so that some extremes are … 2 An Introduction to Climate Change The Earth’s average temperature has been i ncreasing since the Industrial Revolution. b. ��(D �@�o�Iٛ���\�K�O��݀�� ��q(��[�+�ro�Y���G����9���s� mHb�s�a�(�i���N���0di� �i�s�qjg֓ϑ��M�f�4�ͤ)ד�>��TޡB�&r�Qb���{�1:�Y�A��0.\ �06��ZտB- ��⤩l�*C�a�+BFo(�!w�ݜ��G��������wS��)�E܉tJE�@F\hB�H��x�vI�%��09|a͔.�@~�5₵n`��2_$�hZ��".&�d�i?��$���bu�i��y��;�!NB����c������m޻�6� " [U��(�� h�bbd```b``n ��7A$�X�D��L��dVy�f�\�`�.����d��I ��;@$�%�` V_ �1D�/��j R-!�}�q��$Y���`�׀ȭ�@�S�_�`]��$���W �� Future humans are now the main drive. This is known as the “Greenhouse Effect”. Enormous progress has been made in increasing our understanding of climate change and its causes, and a clearer picture of current and future impacts is emerging. Determinants of Climate Change Awareness among Rural Farming Households in South Africa, The Effects of Climate Change on Human Behaviors, Evaluation of the Impacts of Climate Change on Sediment Yield from the Logiya Watershed, Lower Awash Basin, Ethiopia, Impacts of future climate change on water ecosystem services in the watershed of river Homem (Northwest Portugal), Implication of climate change on livelihood and adaptation of small and emerging maize farmers in the North West Province of South Africa, Mapping of agro-ecological zones of North-West India in context to climate change using Geographical Information System, Climate Variability and Its implication on Wheat Productivity; Farmers' Adaptation strategies: in Robe Town and Surrounding Area, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, FACTORS INFLUENCING CLIMATE CHANGE AWARENESS : THE CASE STUDY OF SMALL-SCALE MAIZE FARMERS IN MPUMALANGA PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA, Climate forcing by stratospheric aerosols, The Scientific Basis. Place-based Climate Change Adaptation Guidance Notes Overview Victoria’s climate has changed, and this is expected to continue in coming decades1 with increasing average temperatures, decreases in average rainfall, and higher frequencies and intensities of extreme weather events. a. For some topics, multimedia has also been provided to summarise issues, provide case studies, or cover topics which are more challenging to ... en.pdf IPCC. 180 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2A4DF221DF34FA49B2407DB1CD463A3F><9A770F43C6D413478342E8BB202D6A75>]/Index[145 82]/Info 144 0 R/Length 148/Prev 358711/Root 146 0 R/Size 227/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Climate Adaptation Notes works through a three-stage process, implemented through an independently managed and regulated Debt Capital Markets platform. The strongest force driving climate change right now is the increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the burning of fossil fuels, which is trapping more … Climate Change: Global Indicators, Socio-economic Implications and Mitigation. ­ Changes in the Earths orbit, the energy received from the Sun and the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere can all cause climate change. You are currently offline. As we explore how human activities impact the climate system --and how that in turn will impact human societies-- it is important for us to have a firm understanding of the basic processes and dynamics of the weather and climate continuum. Video Lecture Notes o The climate has changed many times in the long history of earth, but always in response to a global force. These cultural values, according to this view, are then conducive to economic development. �!_�`��G�Y�-#�'�".\�b�H�Z��7�q_�{L}K�AB0]{�5Q� F�]�p���z�`�� Downscaled climate projections 2 demonstrate that the climate A Note on Climate Change The topic of climate change is complex and often confusing even to experts. What causes climate change? SAEO report. NJ��?��w���p��z�p����1����1�� ��9���/x9Jz�K>� ?A�y��)���ͤ���k�oރڞ��q� ���-�"�l�[�O�1,�͟�tP!�R2(�v]_����������?Z�zW����b��a�~��#��j��UM|��ӓ �QP6�b�%��ĉ�|J�=p�������N��C�qJa2�����D���)B�䖐)"R2� ��N�K;�bd�:dr���9Uˢ��N�j�.�7�?�]'ݦvG�C�`"�MJw_y���o'�AZ��E�o����!�a|#8ݢk|j,s��7���Y6Vٛ�bK�-�&��'E dܿ�g>J0� ���ou�(�_�2��!�B�~���1��)�H]��q unfccc climate change: impacts, vulnerabilities and adaptation in developing countries i. introduction 5 ii. The climate change resulting from human-caused emissions of carbon dioxide will persist for decades to millennia. Causes and effects of climate change 1. Introduction to climate change : lecture notes for meteorologists @inproceedings{Houghton2002IntroductionTC, title={Introduction to climate change : lecture notes for meteorologists}, author={D. Houghton}, year={2002} } 1. (2014) Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. In reading this chapter, it needs to be borne in mind . While there may be uncertainty surrounding the scale, scope and pace of climate change, one thing is clear – cities and towns everywhere will be exposed to significant climate change-driven impacts. !۪�o��t�y����8zz:̋$9�/��=:�� ߉)$ UK government action 9. Hundreds of plant and animal species have already experienced changes because of climate change. %%EOF ��O���n\8��w�~+��Ȯޱ�b�D����k�:O�E���ٕ!���ޠ�¥ZB�^E���|��J���X�"6B(=WH�� Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. Causes of climate change 3. published, the evidence for climate change and its disruption of societal activi-ties has become stronger. Between 1880 and 2015, average global surface temperatures rose … �F�1₺���,/�����u��4M׆P,�Xi���I�c�6�W���G�=�b�}u;�~��{� �i گ�]�9��v�d�G-�m(�RNN��4c��@����������ŚP��~��SVK��F o2d_� �,����T��� I�_�/��������(�;�|��Y�TM��? Climate change, on the other hand, occurs because the amount of energy in the entire climate system is changed which affects each and every component in the system. climate change and adaptation 8 2.1 the need for adaptation 8 2.2 adaptation and the unfccc 10 iii. Climate change now 2. The American pika, for example, is a small mammal that lives in cool mountainous areas in western North America—in fact, it can die when exposed to temperatures warmer than 78˚F.So as the mountain climate heats up, the pika climbs the slopes in search of cooler habitat. that climate change is a cross-cutting issue, and thus considerations of climate change are presented in a number Climate has always changed, but . Furthermore, there is a need to develop achievable goals for EBA and protected area expansion. climate change, and the economic costs, technological advances and societal adaptations that are necessary for mitigation. Corpus ID: 126744528. CO. 2. levels, primarily a result of fossil fuel emissions, have become the . This includes measurable criteria for assessing the success of restoration and protected area expansion in increasing the resilience of biodiversity, A related claim: there is an interaction between climate and culture. Climate Change in a Nutshell: The Gathering Storm Outline of Opinions 1. Self-reinforcing cycles within the climate system have the potential to accelerate human-induced change and even shift Earth’s climate system into new states that are very different from those experienced in the recent past. Some features of the site may not work correctly. In Stage 1, the manager of the Platform works predominantly with local commercial banks to identify and screen suitable projects. Agreement among experts 6. 3.1 Introduction: climate change, fossil fuel resources, technology and economic development 66 3.2 The economics of climate change through the dominant neoclassical lens 71 3.3 Cost-benefit analysis and climate change 74 3.4 The Stern Review: the economics of climate change 76 3.5 Alternative economic models and the radical critique 91 Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Accounting for sampling density in grid-box surface temperature time series, Uncertainties in climate data sets - a challenge for WMO, Forecasts of tropical Pacific SST using a comprehensive coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamical model, Experimental Long-Lead Forecast, Influence of CO2 emission rates on the stability of the thermohaline circulation, On the improvement of sea ice models for climate simulations: the Sea Ice Model Intercomparison Project, A search for human influences on the thermal structure of the atmosphere, View 3 excerpts, cites methods and background, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. ��+��kW��S�MnpWOT���lT%�9z�~Eps��.�Yb�eF� ��^-�މ�Y0-}�z������.\���z�(N>|��}~�.��Y�g_H�'�kkuot�I�/f� �˴��$���9�k�kT�3�x��b�u,ۂ ~ �7����:|7��%�K�[��mRf?I�O�i^q�i7���� ���� ��`���G�u�)����S%[{ .K t���E��m��c�=�:7P����T5�昚C�� H�\��n�0��. Climate change has become one of the most significant challenges of the twenty-first century. h�b``�b``�g`e`����ˀ �@16� �j��y4�E�\�u��)����� nP�����%q�V b%��@&�ی]L|l��l�9�������c�a���ϑ��(��C���/��*�]\�ŸEYR�٣7oK�����s?K�; ��3p�ƀ ΃=Òz��K.#��Z� ��� � ��&� 145 0 obj <> endobj endstream endobj 146 0 obj <>/Metadata 17 0 R/OpenAction 147 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/PageMode/UseThumbs/Pages 143 0 R/StructTreeRoot 38 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 147 0 obj <> endobj 148 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/Properties<>>>/Shading<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Thumb 15 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 149 0 obj <>stream 0 Climate change is a term that refers to major changes in temperature, rainfall, snow, or wind patterns lasting for decades or longer. References Climate change now There is clear evidence to show that climate change is happening. At … The climate change agenda has risen substantially in global and national importance and the topic has thus been given a dedicated chapter in this 2. nd. endstream endobj 150 0 obj <>stream endstream endobj startxref include burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and developing land for farms, cities, and roads. CONTENT Definition of Climate Change Causes of Climate Change-Natural Causes & Human Causes Effects of Climate Change 3. climate change conditions. The role of the IPCC 7. The notes under each resource indicate its scope and relevance. Tackling climate change 8. Climate change, whether driven by natural or human forcing, can lead to changes in the likelihood of the occurrence or strength of extreme weather and climate events or both. climate change and it drives other changes in the climate, such as changes in rainfall patterns and the frequency and distribution of weather events such as droughts, storms, floods and heat waves. This adds enormous amounts of greenhouse gases to those naturally occurring in the atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect and global warming. Planning for Climate Change: A strategic values-based Governor’s Task Force on Climate Change Notes from Public Listening Session 2 June 27, 2020 Explanation of Notes Task Force listening sessions began with introductory remarks and presentations from various invited experts, followed by breakout sessions moderated by staff. ]��&���� \����ғ��>`'�#��ru���3 WPa�P;�~�Z�$���Ǿ�O�a��A���g��WeENha���5��I�/;�#p� ��y��_��ԕWYk�%e��df�6�M��RxGXc�8]���mE����&���E������! Climate change refers to changes in these statistics over years, decades, or even centuries. %PDF-1.6 %���� Research [�[�Xr���ܖl�6��T�%l��o��>�܇,#���b1�k&}��ŧeZҽc�K|z�4�G,r���GLƐ ��t-�bR+j�Hg +6�b�/ƍ�|2v4#=�L���GLq�/R�1.��]2��Ŵ�p%4�NQ�tu��� ݅cV��NVjz1k ��uX��t�`%%sJA�T��͜% ����e�:*hൄ��3�4=����(l��i��,F(%Y,!���RQ�f�"5pka�6�Fk֡#���/���q�����(��Ÿ���7&�����@?�����_�����8��0�{�0�jGǪ�t]ޞ�V$�S�?�R[y^TGG4�E��%�3]���x��I��C���4-W_.����Ɠ��/��]���G��]%U�{IW��q���/�:�W�Y~�梟�UV=�Ŏ�ge5~~����[,~4�C4��Fe�n"o���i;� �p�$����CŜ��4�;(g�� �/��gE^? Climate Change and Agriculture imPACtS, ADAPtAtiOn AnD mitigAtiOn by Anita Wreford, Dominic moran and neil Adger Climate change is likely to have significant impacts on the agricultural sector to which farmers will have to adapt. }H ���a ��}yX�1�@L��:#�8��F5��0�hDj��y ��9I�A0���V�I��P[S��Hj*œG��7�_���-\�O�� �&�I��孼�f����]:N�^Zv$�� International agreements, supported by hard science, are proving effective in combating wide-ranging environmental threats such as ozone depletion and Climate change, the periodic modification of Earth’s climate caused by atmospheric changes and the atmosphere’s interactions with geologic, chemical, biological, and geographic factors. Both human-made and natural factors contribute to climate change: • Human causes. Climate change is the catch-all term for the shift in worldwide weather phenomena associated with an increase in global average temperatures. Causes and Consequences of Climate Change Humans are increasingly influencing the climate and the earth's temperature by burning fossil fuels, cutting down rainforests and farming livestock . Climate change explained Contents 1. Burning fossil fuels Over the past 150 years, industrialised countries have been burning large amounts of fossil fuels such as oil and gas.The gases released into the atmosphere during this process act like an invisible ‘blanket’, trapping heat from the sun and warming the Earth. Environment notes cover ecology, bio- diversity, climate change and many latest environmental issues of international and national importance. :ҋЄ]�!�ϒa6x~����ՠ���� j��l����ѓ��0���n>��C0"�9�:&�d���qZ���G��Պ!�E��^+��L�v���\T�u����QU�����t��8Nʔ��Ё�鹄����������pqz���t���7��4q�3�"�R�Q�hʿutGY��Q�Kѵ�c�캨c��z��]�:F���Y8�)t}��f ���w�P���Q��1�W.�>�~�C�2p)�>�}�m�ڃ�قh ��_��R�� cfk���#��U��U���5x�b� `~��W�� 226 0 obj <>stream h��ZkS�H�+�1���[ښ��@lB�b��Y�? for change. 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