A form of lion dance similar to today's lion dance was described as early as the Tang dynasty, the modern form of the dragon dance however may be a more recent development. The popular centres of entertainment in the Song capital Bianliang (present-day Kaifeng) and later at Lin'an (present-day Hangzhou) were the wazi (瓦子, meaning "tiles") or wasi (瓦肆, "tile market"), where theatres in the form of fenced-off rings called goulan (勾欄) may be found. [55][58], Many of the dances of the Tang dynasty are described in Tang poetry: Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen wrote of the Whirling Dance in their poems "The Whirling Hu Girl" (胡旋女), Du Fu of the sword dance. [33], When the capital shifted to Jiankang (in present-day Nanjing), music and dance from the Wu region in the lower Yangtze River became popular. [60], A great number of dances were recorded in the Tang dynasty, including over 60 Grand Compositions. Another six formed what was called the "Small Dances", to be performed by younger members of the aristocracy in minor ceremonies and sacrifice rituals. The animal representing the person’s birth year is known as Sheng Xiao. Many times a tassel will be attached to the end of the … It’s origins are thought to date back thousands of years ago when common folk people began playing basic rudimentary instruments. [11][12] The performance of the dance was highly regarded by Confucius. 1 9 0. In present-day China, various forms of dancing are commonly performed in public spaces or gardens by groups of people as a form of group exercise.[81]. For 5,000 years, divine culture flourished in the land of China. The movements of the dance may imitate the manual labour performed during flood control.[13]. One story concerns the favorite concubine of the Southern Tang emperor Li Yu who bound her feet into the shape of the crescent moon and performed a lotus dance on the point of her feet ballet-fashion. It tells of a grieving son seeking the tiger that killed his father, using his hand to keep the hair, unkempt through grieve, from the face so as to see better. In some of the earliest dances recorded in China, dancers may have dressed as animal and mythical beasts, and during the Han Dynasty, some forms of the dragon dance were mentioned. Since ancient times, Chinese culture has been heralded as a gift from the divine. The earliest Chinese character for "dance", , written in the oracle bones, is itself a representation of a dancer holding oxtails in each hand. Image of dance, village, active - 4441084 Other dances found in opera include the Sword Dance. 7 6 0. Some forms of dancing still performed today, for example, dancing with long sleeves has been recorded at least as early as the Zhou dynasty (c. 1045–256 BCE). A version of lion dance resembling modern lion dance was described by Tang poet Bai Juyi in his poem "Western Liang Arts" (西凉伎), where the dancers wear a lion costume made of a wooden head, a silk tail and furry body, with eyes gilded with gold and teeth plated with silver, and ears that moves. Ballroom dances however reappeared after the liberalisation of China later in the century, and it is now commonly found performed by many people in public parks in the morning as exercise. Large-scale performances of this dance involved brandishing weapons to the accompaniment of drums and songs in the Ba language. Performed by Dance Club - Traditional Chinese Dance. Women wear different types of headgears such as jeweled tiaras, crowns, caps, etc. According to Zhang Shou-He, one of the founders of the modern dance program at the BDA, the dance culture in China is capable of absorbing external “foreign” influences and transforming these influences into a new catalyst to promote local cultural development (1995, 25). All were under the administration of the Drums and Pipes Bureau and an umbrella organization called the Taichang Temple (太常寺).[45]. [15] During the Northern and Southern Dynasties it had association with Buddhism. [47] It was performed with 120 dancers in gold-decorated armour with spears, but it can also be performed as a seated performance by four dancers in red silk robes. The most basic classification is into two forms mai and odori which can be further classified into genres such as Noh mai or jinta mai, the latter style having its origins in the pleasure districts of Kyoto and Osaka. Photo about The group dance in a chinese village. Learn more in the Cambridge English-Chinese traditional Dictionary. [29][30] Professional dancers of the period were of low social status and many entered the profession through poverty, although some such as Zhao Feiyan achieved higher status by becoming concubines. [31] Suggested origin of the dance include India and Persia,[87][88] and during the Northern and Southern Dynasties it had association with Buddhism. The dish is aromatic with crisp thin crust. When you see Shen Yun perform classical Chinese dance, you will notice both traditional aesthetics and deeply expressive powers that resonate so true still today. Standing performances involves numerous dancers, and were usually performed in courtyards or squares intended for grand presentations. [4][5] Furthermore, dance was absorbed into Chinese opera that started to take shape in the Song dynasty and became increasingly popular and further developed in the following dynasties, and dance as a separate performance art largely survives in folk traditions. There is a long recorded history of various forms of dance in China. 7 4 1. [8][9] Modern Dragon Dance uses light-weight structure manipulated by a dozen or so of men using poles at regular intervals along the length of the dragon, and some forms of the dragon can be very long and involve hundreds of performers. Chinese Zodiac: Sheng Xiao . [29] It was popular in the 1940s Shanghai nightclubs, and early Communists leaders such as Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai were also avid Soviet-style ballroom dancers. Ancient Chinese texts such the Rites of Zhou (2nd century BCE) record dances of the early period. Dances became absorbed into opera, and dance became an essential component to be mastered by opera performers. [12][13][14] A detailed description of a lion dance appeared during the Tang Dynasty and it was then recognized as a foreign import, but the dance may have existed in China as early as the third century AD. [6] There are many ancient records of shamans and sorcerers who danced, for example performing the rain dance at time of drought. [30], China National Ethnic Song and Dance Ensemble, "Hinc sunt leones — two ancient Eurasian migratory terms in Chinese revisited", "Ancient ritual dance performed in E China", "Step-by-step guide to dance: National Ballet of China", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dance_in_China&oldid=994467441, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. These may have been people from poorer family who visited and performed in the women's quarters in the palace or at houses of the nobles. Ne Zha is a protection deity in Chinese folk religion. After the Song dynasty, as footbinding become more prevalent, less and less was heard about beauties and courtesans who were also great dancers. Slaves had been kept as dancers since the Xia dynasty.. During the Qin and Han dynasties, the imperial court established the yuefu (literally Music Bureau), which was responsible for collecting folk music and dance for performance at the court. [56] "The Dancing Singing Woman" (踏謡娘) relates the story of a wife battered by her drunken husband, initially performed by a man dressed as a woman. Chinese opera became very popular by the Yuan dynasty, and in the following dynasties, a variety of genres such as the kunqu and Peking opera developed in various regions of China. Dance in China has a long recorded history. In more recent times, the art of dance in China has enjoyed a resurgence, and modern developments in Chinese dances are continuing apace. [74] Traditional Chinese dance forms were revised and propagated. [53] Many such lavish dances stopped being performed after the An Lushan Rebellion which diminished the power and wealth of the state, and court music and dance became greatly reduced. A form of the Lion Dance is also found in Tibet where it is called the Snow Lion Dance.[17]. [37] Music and dance from India, Central Asia, Southeast Asia (Pyu and Funan) and other states bordering Tang China such as Tuyuhun and Nanzhao were performed in the imperial capital Chang'an with performers and dancers in native costume. There are many minority groups in China and each have their own dances that reflect their culture and way of life. Some of the best-known Chinese dances, such as the Lion dance, can also be traced to the Tang dynasty or earlier, while others may have existed in different forms in the early eras, and many were known from at least the Song era. The most important of the early dances served important ritual and ceremonial roles and are known as yayue which continued to be performed at the imperial court until the Qing dynasty. That is the magic of Chinese dance. In this dance, 64 performers danced bare-chested wearing fur caps and white skirts. In a Civil Dance (文舞), dancers held item such as feather banners in their hand, and Military Dance (武舞) involved brandishing of weapons. Sword dance, known as 剑舞 (jiànwǔ) in Chinese, has roots in many cultures throughout world history. [38], Particularly popular were dances from Central Asia like the Sogdian Whirling Dance (胡旋舞) of Samarkand,[39] a dance involving rapid spinning (spinning dance moves are still found amongst the Uyghur people today). These developed from the Xianghe Grand Compositions (相和大曲) of the Han dynasty but became highly elaborate during the Tang dynasty. As Chinese opera became increasingly popular, there was also a corresponding decline in dance as an individual separate art form. It performs classical Chinese dance, ethnic and folk dance, and story-based dance, with orchestral accompaniment and solo performers. Many of the folk dances are related to harvest and hunting and the ancient gods associated with them. The imperial court of the Jin dynasty (265–420) was relocated to the south and many Han Chinese also migrated southwards due to pressure from the northern Hu tribes. In more recent times dance has enjoyed a resurgence, and it is widely performed by the public and professionals alike. [80], In the People's Republic of China era, the practice of creating new dances based on the older forms of dances as well as various folk traditions continues to the present days. Werbefrei streamen oder als CD und MP3 kaufen bei Amazon.de. The imperial court from the Qin dynasty onward established various departments responsible for the collection of music and dances, training of performers as well as their performances at the court, such as the Music Bureau and Royal Academy. Pictorial representations of dance have been found in Chinese pottery as early as the Neolithic period (before 2000 BCE), showing people dancing in a line holding hands. In the later part of the 6th century, Emperor Wen of the Sui dynasty ended the strife and division of China, and re-unified the country. [32], This period saw civil wars as well as conflicts with the northern nomads (Wu Hu), resulting in the splintering of China into multiple states and dynasties established by Han and non-Han Chinese people. It is one of the four classical dances employed in traditional Chinese opera as well as a dance often performed in Tai Chi. Background: Again as the name suggests, the origin of this garment is the Tang dynasty. Modern dragon dance uses light-weight structure manipulated by a dozen or so of men using poles at regular intervals along the length of the dragon, and some forms of the dragon can be very long and involve hundreds of performers. Lion dance (simplified Chinese: 舞狮; traditional Chinese: 舞獅; pinyin: wǔshī) is a form of traditional dance in Chinese culture and other Asian countries in which performers mimic a lion's movements in a lion costume to bring good luck and fortune. The first ballet school in China, Beijing Dance School, was established in 1954 with Dai Ailian as the principal and staffed by some outstanding Russian teachers, including Pyotr Gusev who instituted the Russian training system. There were around 30,000 musicians and dancers at the imperial court during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong,[44] with most specialising in yanyue. Musical instruments such as the pear-shaped pipa and dances such as the lion dance may have been introduced in this period via Central Asia. Leaps, Twirls, and Flips in Classical Chinese Dance - YouTube Mask Party Carvanal. [19] The sleeve may be long and narrow, long and wide, or similar to the "water sleeves" used in Chinese opera. [89] Another version was performed by two persons, and was described by Tang poet Bai Juyi in his poem "Western Liang Arts" (西凉伎), where the dancers wear a lion costume made of a wooden head, a silk tail and furry body, with eyes gilded with gold and teeth plated with silver, and ears that move, a form that resembles today's Lion Dance. [23] Fu Yi's (傅毅) Lyric Essay on Dance describes the Seven Tray Dance (七盤舞, also called Tray Drum Dance 盤鼓舞), a fusion of acrobatics and dance in which the dancer leaps gracefully between trays and drums on the trays, which gets faster as the dance progresses. According to the Han dynasty text Luxuriant Dew of the Spring and Autumn Annals by Dong Zhongshu, as part of the ritual, clay figures of the dragons were made and children or adults may then perform a dance. [67][72], Folk dances however remained popular. [2] According to the Lüshi Chunqiu (compiled around 239 BCE): "In former times, the people of the Getian clan (葛天氏) would dance in pairs [or threes] with oxtails in hand, stamping their feet and singing eight stanzas."[3][4]. Traditional Chinese New Year Outfits. The Flower Drum show was initially popular in the countryside, but then spread into towns. Chinese China Shanghai. There are continuous written records of Chinese dances for over two thousands years. Fire Bonfire Dancing. The early dances may be folk dances or ritual dances, some of which developed into court dances. Previously it would not have been permissible for men and women from respectable families to dance together. Chinese China Shanghai. 4 5 0. [36], These collections of dances performed at the imperial court show the diversity and cosmopolitan nature of the music and dance of the Tang dynasty: only the Yanyue and Qingshang music originated with the Han Chinese. A well-known energetic dance is the Sword Dance, famously performed by Lady Gongsun (公孫大娘),[49] whose performance is reputed to have inspired the cursive calligraphy of Zhang Xu. It has been attributed to Emperor Tang-Ming-Hwon and his consort Yang-Gwei-Fei for their musical and dancing talent respectively. A form of lion dance similar to today's lion dance was described as early as the Tang Dynasty, the modern form of the dragon dance ho… The Tang poets also wrote Ci verses set to the tunes for dances such as the "Boddhisattva Barbarian" (菩薩蠻), a processional dance (隊舞) that may have several hundred performers. [85], The lion dance has been suggested to have been introduced from outside China as lion is not native to China, and the Chinese word for lion itself, shi (獅), may have been derived from the Persian word šer. [26] In modern China, it is common to find people using dance as a form of exercise in parks. Old people like to do the yang ge (yangge or yangke) a traditional northern Chinese folk dance accompanied by singing, drums and gongs and featuring colorful fans, which are held over the head. [27] During the Cultural Revolution under the control of Madame Mao, Revolutionary Model dramas came to the fore, and the repertory was eventually reduced to two ideological ballets - The Red Detachment of Women and The White Haired Girl. Model Traditional Dance. Musical performances at the Tang court are of two types: seated performances (坐部伎) and standing performances (立部伎). 7 7 1. [68] Some of the familiar dances of present-day China were mentioned in the Song dynasty, examples are the Flower Drum (花鼓); Playing the Big Head (耍大頭), which is the Big-headed Monk (大頭和尚) of later eras where the performer wears a large head mask; and the Dry Boat (旱船) Dance which is known from previous dynasties where a boy may dress up as a girl wearing a boat-like structure made of cloth so that he appeared to sit in a boat, and accompanied by a boatman holding an oar. Various forms of entertainment including dances were performed in these centres. Doll Dance Dancing. Today, classical Chinese dance is a comprehensive dance system that has soaked profound wisdom from every era. Folklore Dance Dancers. There was also a male solo dance called the Barbarian Leap Dance (胡騰舞), described as the dance of a white-skinned people with high-bridged nose. [18] A few examples of their dances: In the entertainment centres called wazi during the Song Dynasty, various theatrical forms flourished and Chinese opera began to take shape, and dance started to become merged into opera. Dances such as "Dance Judgement" (舞判, also called the Dance of Zhong Kui, 跳鐘馗) became opera pieces in the Ming dynasty, and dances of the Song dynasty such as Flapping the Flag (撲旗子) later became part of Chinese opera. [77], A notable dancer of the twentieth century is Dai Ailian who collected folk dances and created new works based on these folk dances of the Han people as well as other ethnic minorities for public presentation. Entdecken Sie Chinese Traditional Dance von Asian Tradition Universe bei Amazon Music. Other dances include Catching Butterflies (撲蝴蝶), Bamboo Horse (竹馬), and the Bao Lao Dance (舞鮑老, Bao Lao was a comic character in a puppet show). Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou, who was of Xianbei origin, married a Turkic princess who also brought music and dances of Central Asia to China. Depictions of dancing in China appeared over 4,000 years ago. This is due in part to the increasing popularity of the practice of footbinding, which may have first arisen from dancers themselves but later tighter binding limited their movements, and greater social restriction placed on women may have also led to a virtual elimination of female dancers. [63], A period of fragmentation, the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, followed the fall of the Tang dynasty until China was unified under the Song dynasty. 7 5 0. They are uniquely Chinese, and vastly different from the art styles of the west. Examples included the Big Face (大面) or "mask", also called "The King of Lanling" (蘭陵王), a masked dance from the Northern Qi dynasty honouring Gao Changgong who went into battle wearing a mask. She was named Feiyan or "Flying Swallow" after her slender figure and lithe dance steps, so light that she appeared to be quivering like a flower in the hand. [61] Most, however, were lost after the collapse of Tang. [28] The National Ballet of China was founded on the last day of 1959 as the Experimental Ballet Company of the Beijing Dance School. These dances incorporated singing as well as monologue and dialogue. [35] The most popular of these were Qingshang, Western Liang and Kuchan music. [36] Emperor Gaozu set up the Royal Academy, while Emperor Xuanzong established the Pear Garden Academy for the training of musicians, dancers and actors. [40], Another very popular dance was the Mulberry Branch Dance (柘枝舞) from Tashkent, that may be danced solo accompanied by rapid drumming, or as a duo whereby two girls first appeared hidden within a large lotus flower. [82][83] In the baixi variety shows, performers called "mime people" (象人) dressed up as various creatures such as a green dragon playing a flute, and acts where fish turned into a dragon were also described. Most early records of dances in China were ritual or ceremonial dances, and these dances formed the yayue which were considered to be of great importance in the court. The number of dragons, their length and colour, as well as the performers may vary according to the time of year. There are more than 700 different dragon dances in China. [65] More severe binding in the subsequent eras also restricted female movement which, together increasing social restrictions placed on women, would eventually led to the virtual elimination of female dancers in later eras.[66][67]. https://www.chinahighlights.com/.../chinese-new-year/new-year-lion-dance.htm Ms.Yip Pui Yee will illuminate our night with a Chinese traditional dance named Ne Zha. These are:[15], All the dances involved dancers holding objects such as feather plumes, yak-tails or shield, except the Dance of the People which is focused on sleeve movements. Dances such as "Dance Judgement" (舞判, also called the Dance of Zhong Kui, 跳鐘馗) became opera pieces in the Ming Dynasty, and dances of the Song Dynasty such as Flapping the Flag (撲旗子). [14] Dawu was an important dance in six parts describing the military exploits of King Wu of Zhou, and may involve martial elements such as the use of weapons. 10. But when comparing traditional ballet and classical Chinese dance, one of the things that audience members often notice is the range and degree of difficulty of classical Chinese dance techniques. These dances have largely disappeared from modern Han Chinese culture, although ritual dances are still found in some folk traditions and the cultures of ethnic minorities in China. [26] In such shows, various Chinese variety arts are performed, such as acrobatics, martial art, magic tricks, comic performances, music and dance. In some of the earliest dances recorded in China, dancers may have dressed as animal and mythical beasts, and during the Han dynasty, some forms of the dragon dance were mentioned. Two other notable major dances of the Tang dynasty were the Blessed Goodness Dance (慶善舞, also called Nine Merits Dance, 九功舞), and The Supreme Original Dance (上元舞).[48]. Rulers from various dynasties collected folk dances, many of which eventually became court dances. Among the best-known of the Chinese traditional dances are the dragon dance and lion dance, and both dances were known in earlier dynasties in various forms. This clothing is called a suit but actually it is represented only by one jacket. In the north, Chinese theatre developed in the form of the zaju variety show, and in the south, the nanxi opera. Dance of the People (人舞), performed in honour of the stars or ancestral temples. 8 7 1. Beginning in the Zh… [73] Small-scale folk song-and-dance shows became popular in the Qing dynasty, examples are the Flower Drum, Flower Lantern (花燈) and Picking Tea (採茶) song and dance shows. Each ethnic group has it's own unique folk dances but the dances share common themes that reflect stories and feelings of happiness, anger, love and hate. The movements of classical Chinese dance are rich in their ability to express a variety of feelings, be it happiness, sorrow, joy, anger, grief, delight, the emotions that come with parting and reuniting, insanity, infatuation, sickness, tipsiness, solemnity, ignobility, and majesty, as well as civil, military, and other personalities and stories. Dances became part of a more elaborate narrative; for example, the sword dance that depicts the Feast at Hong Gate would be followed by a depiction of the responses of Zhang Xu and Du Fu after watching the famed sword dance of Lady Gongsun. Nowadays, especially for younger generations, these traditional 'costumes' that were once customary to wear during the festival, are rarely worn anymore, meaning that there is technically no "official" Chinese New Year outfits. Primitive dance in ancient China was also associated with sorcery and shamanic ritual. Modern ballet has incorporated techniques from different art forms, including classical Chinese dance. [21] The "Gong Mo" Dance was later known as the Scarf Dance (巾舞). 13 10 0. The art of dance however declined after the Tang dynasty. [69][70] Some of these dances may be performed by folk dance troupes called shehuo (社火, named after a spring festival) that performed during festivals, and each village or city may have its own dance troupe. Chinese dance has its own unique vocabulary, meanings, and ordered structure that enable a dancer to fully express his thoughts and feelings with ease and grace. [62] Some music and dances were transmitted to Japan and retained to this day as Tōgaku, now part of gagaku. The Picking Tea show developed from the folk song and dance, Tea Picking Lantern. China dance, as a comprehensive art form, is an important part of the ancient Chinese term "Yue" which includes several elements such as poems, songs, dances and music. [55][57] The stories told in these song-and-dance dramas are simple but they are believed to be the precursors of Chinese opera and theatre. Outside of China, the best known Chinese dances today are the Dragon dance and the Lion dance. [31] The music and dance of Kucha became popular, as did that of Western Liang (in modern Gansu province), which may be an assimilation of styles from Han and other non-Han people. Among the best-known of the Chinese traditional dances are the Dragon dance and Lion dance, and both dances were known in earlier dynasties in various forms. Gils Traditional Girl. [52] It was a slow gentle dance that may be danced in groups but also as a solo, set to strings and woodwind with a humming chorus, with the dancers in elaborate costumes. Dancing as an individual art form declined in the later eras when dances become incorporated into operas and female dancing also declined when footbinding became more prevalent. [71] Dance performances by females, already in decline due to the practice of footbinding as well as other social restrictions, also faced bans in later periods, for example women were forbidden to perform in Beijing theatre by the Qianlong Emperor during the Qing dynasty, and males therefore replaced female theatre roles and dance parts. ", which describes the blocking actions by Xiang Bo during the sword dance to prevent Xiang Zhuang from thrusting his sword towards Liu Bang. The Sui dynasty collected the music and dance of the various peoples under its rule as well as popular music from outside China into the "Seven Books of Music" (七部樂), describing the music and dance of the Western Liang, Korea, India, Bukhara, Kucha, the Qingshang and the Wenkang (文康, a masked dance, later known as Libi, 禮畢). [41][42][43], The Tang dynasty was the golden age of Chinese music and dance. However, at various times there had also been antipathy towards some folk dances and some emperors attempted to ban them. Shen Yun Performing Arts is the world's premier classical Chinese dance and music company, established in New York in 2006. This migration resulted in a fusion of the music and dance of the Central Plains with those of the southern local traditions, producing a genre known as Qingshang (清商) music (later known simply as Qingyue 清樂). Chinese traditional costumes are not just about clothing but plenty of accessories too. [11] Suggested origin of the dance include India and Persia, although some have also proposed a native Chinese origin. In the Book of Rites, it is recorded that Marquis Wen of Wei expressed concerns about falling asleep during the measured and stately court performances and preferred the popular new music and dances of Wey and Zheng; however, his Confucian advisor condemned these as decadent and disorderly.[17][18]. [64] While perhaps originating from dancing, footbinding which spread among elite women during the Song dynasty would also contribute to the decline of dance as an art form. These six dances formed part of the system of court music and dance first established during the Western Zhou dynasty (1046–771 BCE) known as Yayue. Even by the Ming dynasty, pure dance was already becoming uncommon outside of folk traditions and group performances during festivals, and would become increasingly rare. One of the earliest documents, Shujing, mentioned the ritual of "beating on the stones as all the wild animals dance". Folk dance is a favorite art form in China and is hugely popular with the Chinese people. Dance Bali Indonesian. Oct 4, 2016 - Chinese Costume Chinese Costumes China Costume China Costumes Chinese Traditional Costume Ancient Chinese Clothing China Dance Costumes Traditional Hanfu … That is a shame, since these traditional art forms offer a fascinating peek into Chinese culture from hundreds, if not thousands of years ago, and are still practiced even in today's hyper-modern China. The dance was originally performed by Chinese residents who settled in Nagasaki, the only port said to be open for foreign trade in Japan during the Edo period. These may be folk dances, or dances that were once performed as rituals or as an entertainment spectacle, and some may have been performed in the imperial court. Through breathtaking music and dance, Shen Yun is reviving this … Among the best-known of the Chinese traditional dances are the dragon dance and lion dance, and both dances were known in earlier dynasties in various forms. [86] Detailed description of lion dances appeared during the Tang dynasty and it was then recognized as a foreign import, but the dance may have existed in China as early as the third century CE. Many of the traditional dances have a long history. Mongolian Bowl Dance (頂碗舞) - a dance where female dancers balance several bowls on their heads while dancing. 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Ancient China was also associated with sorcery and shamanic ritual 綠腰 ), performed in this dance brandishing. System that consists of 12 animals representing different years 78 ] [ ]... Analects of Confucius foreign countries Persia, although some have also proposed a native Chinese....
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